Abstract
Stem cells are the powerful cells derived both from human and animal source. They have the ability to divide innumerably and differentiate into different cell types in the body. HeLa cells are the first immortal human cell lines grown in culture. These cell lines have proved beneficial in the development of polio vaccines and study of various viral cells. The present review aims to cover the studies done through nuclear extracts prepared from HeLa cells. Nuclear extracts from HeLa cells have been used to study the activation of ATM and ATR by double stranded DNA breaks, production of transcriptionally active extracts, analysis of RNA splicing in vitro using T7 RNA polymerasederived splicing substrate RNAs and purification and characterization of proteins. By using these nuclear extracts, the mutational study of proteins still needs to be done to know exact reason of many unknown diseases. Wide variations of pH in extract preparation should be tested to get variations in extract obtained and methods should be modified for desired polypeptide length and to work with extracts at nano scale.