ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL AND LC–MS BASED METABOLITE PROFILING OF BLACK AND WHITE– YELLOW VARIETY SEEDS OF ABRUS PRECATORIUS L.

Abstract: Abrus precatorius L. a medicinally significant leguminous plant, is known for its diverse phytochemical composition and wide range of pharmacological activities. This study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial activity of Abrus precatorius seed. The plant seeds of Black and white variety were extracted with hexane, ethanol and water successively. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated using Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus pyogenus bacterial strains and C. albicans, A. niger and A. clavatus as fungal strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth dilution method was measured for all extracts and standard antibiotics. The results showed that the seed extracts of Abrus precatorius exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains and that were compared with Gentamycin, Ampicilin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin for antibacterial test whereas, Nystatin and Greseofulvin for antifungal test. The result of this is much affected by the size of the inoculum. MIC values were ranging from 25 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL. The extract exhibited inhibitory activity against all tested bacterial strains, with the highest activity observed against S. aureus with a MIC value of 25 mg/mL. C. albicans shows significant antifungal activity with MIC value 250 mg/mL. The present study also aimed to perform comparative metabolite profiling. The LC–MS analysis of bioactive compound revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds, including abruquinones, abrine derivatives, and glycosidic compounds, suggesting significant phytochemical diversity between the two varieties. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Abrus precatorius seed extract has potential as a natural drug alternative to synthetic antibiotics against microbial infections.