The rapid progress in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought about significant advancements in various sectors. However, these advancements also raise concerns regarding the security of these technologies. Real-world applications of IoT and WSN devices in sectors such as finance, healthcare, business, and industry have revealed numerous security risks. As the demand for IoT devices continues to rise worldwide, the need for enhanced security measures has become crucial. The convergence of WSNs into the IoT ecosystem is an emerging trend driven by advancements in addressing and the concept of the Internet of Everything. Although both technologies are interconnected, they exhibit notable differences in terms of application areas, connectivity, routing, and security concerns. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) primarily emphasize resource-constrained management, while Internet of Things (IoT) systems prioritize scalability, security, quality of service, and heterogeneity. In this paper, a comprehensive examination is provided regarding the factors, prerequisites, and emerging patterns that play a vital role in the advancement of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT). It delves into the intricate details of both technologies, highlighting the distinctions in their applications, connectivity issues, routing challenges, and security considerations. Additionally, it addresses the growing importance of efficient resource management in WSNs and the significance of security, scalability, and heterogeneity in IoT systems. By examining these factors and trends, this paper offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field. It emphasizes the need to address security concerns and scalability challenges while considering the unique characteristics of WSNs and IoT. Ultimately, the findings from this analysis significantly contribute to enhancing the comprehension and advancement of secure and efficient technologies in the realm of WSNs and IoT.