Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels and a high risk of complications. An isolated molecule from Premnatomentosa, apigenin glycoside, was studied in STZ-induced diabetic rats for its anti-diabetic properties and antioxidant mechanisms. Apigenin glycoside effectively controlled blood glucose levels, resulting in significant reductions on the 14th and 28th days. The treatment groups also improved various diabetes-related blood parameters, including plasma insulin levels, hemoglobin levels, HbA1c levels, total cholesterol levels, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels. The findings suggest that apigenin glycoside can reduce cardiovascular risks and alleviate metabolic abnormalities. Furthermore, apigenin glycoside displayed potent antioxidant activity, as indicated by increased levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx enzymes, elevated levels of GSH, and decreased levels of MDA, which is a marker of lipid peroxidation. Apigenin glycoside is able to reduce oxidative stress and scavenge free radicals, as demonstrated by these results. As a result of the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects observed in this study, Premnatomentosa and its bioactive constituents have become increasingly well-known for their therapeutic properties. Apigenin glycoside has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent for managing diabetes and preventing complications associated with it, according to this study. In clinical settings, additional research is needed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and assess the long-term safety and efficacy of apigenin glycoside.