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ISSN 2063-5346
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A randomised prospective study to assess the analgesic efficacy of peripheral nerve block using ropivacaine with dexamethasone vs. dexmedetomidine for postoperative analgesia in lower limb surgeries

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Dr. Jasleen Kaur, Dr. Anuradha Sen, Dr. Abhinav Pandey, Dr. Sachin Kumar Gupta, Dr. Gian Chauhan, Dr. Smriti Anand
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.Si13.169

Abstract

The use of peripheral nerve blocks using local anaesthesia along with adjuvant helps in pain relief for longer duration. It is the key to enhance clinical rehabilitation as an important part of the multimodal analgesia scheme. Aim and objective: The aim was to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as an adjuvant to ropivacaine for post-operative analgesia with Adductor canal and popliteal sciatic nerve block in lower limb surgeries. Material and methods: This Randomized interventional study was done on 30 patients, with ASA1,2,3, above 18 years age posted for lower limb(knee and below) surgeries. After informed consent, patient was allocated into the two groups through random number. Group DX: 30ml ropivacaine 0.375% + 8 mg dexamethasone. Group DM: 30ml ropivacaine 0.375% + 25 µg dexmedetomidine. Spinal anaesthesia was performed under complete aseptic conditions using a spinal needle of 26 Gauge where hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 15mg and clonidine 30µg injected. Adductor canal and popliteal sciatic nerve block was given at the end of surgery Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the postoperative pain. Time of the first request for postoperative analgesia and the number of injections were recorded. Results: The VAS score was significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group in the first 48hrs. The mean duration of action of block was significantly longer in the dexmedetomidine group and the requirement of analgesic consumption after giving the peripheral nerve block was noted much earlier in dexamethasone group as compared to dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion: In our study, it was noted that Dexmedetomidine when added to ropivacaine prolongs the duration of analgesia and decreases analgesic consumption compared to dexamethasone with ropivacaine

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