“Arsha” one of the commonest problems of Ano-rectal region and reasons may be diverse like hereditary, anatomical deformities, diet, life style etc. The etiological factors are usually linked with the prevalence of the disease directly. Its incidence increases with advancing age. Aim and Objective: To review critical analysis of Arsha disease from Ayurvedic perspective. Materials and Methods: Relevant Ayurvedic literature, modern texts as well as the data bases search engines, journal, were used to searched and presented in an organized manner. Result: The prime cause of ano-rectal disorders is the disturbance of the Jatharagni. Nidana, classification, Purvarupa, Rupa and Chikitsa of Arsha have explained in details. The majority of symptoms of Arsha are Angamarda, Arochaka, Ashmari, Atinishprabha, Badhirya, Hridaya Shoola, Jwara, Kasa, Klama, Kshavathu, Pipasa, Shwasa and Timira. Arsha management includes four types of treatment modalities i.e. Bhaishaja, Kshara, Agni and Shastra Karma. Conclusion: The prime etiopathogical factor behind Arsha is ‘Mandagani’-weak digestive power, which leads to ‘Vibandha’ that causes development of Arsha.