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ISSN 2063-5346
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A REVIEW ON NAFLD AND CURRENT TREATMENT STUDIES

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Preeti Arya, Dr. Vir Vikram
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.si4.259

Abstract

One of the most prevalent causes of liver illnesses is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its incidence is rising globally. Over €35 billion in medical expenses are reportedly incurred each year in France, United Kingdom, Italy and Germany as a direct result of NAFLD and 100 billion dollars in the US. The origin and development of NAFLD are currently not fully understood, as hepatic inflammation is brought on by a variety of triggers, such as the buildup of cellular oxidative intermediates, stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress and tissue hypoxia and sinusoidal endothelium cell dysfunction development. Overconsumption of foodstuffs and a low physical activity cause hepatic steatosis. Numerous variables contribute to inflammation, NASH, and the development of scarring. Nevertheless, there is no treatment that is currently accepted for NAFLD or NASH at this time. There are four goals guide NAFLD management that is diet and lifestyle modification to facilitate weight loss; the management of risk factors for cardiometabolic disease; treating any and all modifiable risk factors associated with NAFLD's later stages; and protecting against liver and other organ problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), is a study that subjects people through one or maybe more therapies in order to assess how the treatments affect their health. As per the WHO's requirements, every trial must have been filed prior to participant recruiting may start. This review summarises the recent clinical trials that have been done with the goal of treating NAFLD and NASH. In order to examine prospective treatment strategies for NAFLD, preclinical investigations as well as clinical trials have now been carried out including things like synbiotics, probiotics, angiotensin-II receptor blockers, topogliflozin, CCR2/5 antagonists, and FXR agonists, amongst other things. It's possible that a combined treatment, like one that combines medical care and exercise, could shorten the duration of treatment while also improving the outcome.

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