Since the transition to Sustainable Development Goals from Millennium Development Goals, the literature on public spending on health and health outcomes is gaining a lot of attention from researchers and policy makers across the globe particularly, the developing nations. The present study focuses on the relation between public health expenditure and health outcomes in India by means of a panel data for 23 Indian states from 1990-91 to 2019-20. The dependent variable health outcomes were measured by two variables; infant mortality rate and crude birth rate. Per capita public health expenditure, female literacy rate and health service infrastructure were the independent variables. Data was extracted from secondary sources. Descriptive statistics, pair-wise correlation and panel data models were used for analysis. The findings state that per capita public health expenditure has an impact on reducing the infant mortality rate and crude birth rate. Given the health needs of the developing nation like India, the study recommends for the improvement in public healthcare spending, female literacy rate and also improvement in the healthcare infrastructure.