The urgent need to reduce fossil fuel consumption and environmental harm has sped up advancements besides fuel-efficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles, or HEVs, have come to be seen as an effective remedy for these problems. Better fuel efficiency, fewer pollutants to meet environmental standards, and a safety net versus rising petrol prices are all made possible by HEVs. The performance of these cars was affected by the architecture and components used, which combined the power of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. The number of HEVs has increased significantly due to technological developments and governmental policies. This in-depth analysis of the literature on HEV architecture, control strategies, parts, and energy storage systems gives a complete picture of the state of the research. It also investigates the different energy management systems (EMS) and strategies employed by HEVs. The review identifies the existing literature's constraints, difficulties, and knowledge gaps. These results shed light on areas that require further investigation to address issues and fill in knowledge gaps in the domain of hybrid electric vehicles. Finally, this literature review contributes to a better knowledge of HEVs by analyzing their architecture, control strategies, parts, and energy storage systems. It also provides details on the various EMS and HEV-specific procedures. The results of this review highlight the significance of ongoing research to overcome obstacles and improve the field of hybrid electric vehicles.