Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have limitations in terms of efficacy and adverse effects. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy, including cancer vaccines, has emerged as a promising approach for the prevention, treatment, and control of cancer. Cancer vaccines aim to stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells, harnessing the body's own immune response against cancer. In this review article, we provide an overview of cancer vaccines, including the different types of cancer vaccines, their mechanisms of action, and the current status of cancer vaccines in clinical development. We also discuss recent advancements in cancer vaccine research, including the use of novel vaccine platforms, combination therapies, and personalized cancer vaccines. Furthermore, we highlight challenges and future perspectives in the field of cancer vaccines, including the need for standardized clinical trial designs, identification of predictive biomarkers, and improvements in vaccine manufacturing and delivery. Overall, cancer vaccines hold great promise in the field of cancer immunotherapy and have the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment strategies.