Lignocellulosic biomass has been highlighted as a promising feedstock in the hunt for alternative resources to produce commercial chemicals and transportation fuels for decarbonization. Its yearly production rate is about 180 billion tonnes. The cutting-edge catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into glucose is the main topic of this review. It is crucial to catalyze the conversion of plentiful and sustainable lignocellulosic biomass into value-added chemicals and fuels to replace fossil fuels. By depolymerizing carbohydrates and their derivatives, several C5-C6 monosaccharides (such as glucose and xylose) and platform compounds that are formed from them can be obtained. A brief introduction to the structure, key resources, and several catalytic conversion processes of lignocellulosic biomass into glucose is followed by a thorough discussion of the catalytic conversion processes by enzyme, liquid acids, solid acids, and by photocatalysis into glucose. Due to its numerous applications, investigations about catalytic production of glucose, the primary platform chemical produced using biorefineries, recently gained popularity in catalysis studies and the chemicals/fuel sector. By doing so, a new path toward sustainable chemical manufacturing and energy supply is made possible. Using a diversity of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, this discussion seeks to summaries the latest innovations in the catalytic approaches for the digestion of carbohydrates from lignocellulosic biomass. Finally, the prospects, issues, and possibilities related to the valorisation of woody biomass are discussed