In recent years, there has been an increase in the frequency of cholestasis syndrome in viral hepatitis in children from 0.9 to 4.9% in acute hepatitis to 5.9% in chronic hepatitis. Cholestasis syndrome occurs in both acute and chronic viral hepatitis of various etiologies. Current trends in the study of cholestasis are related to the study its molecular mechanisms. The transport processes occurring at the cellular and subcellular levels, as well as the processes responsible for the movement of bile components through the hepatocyte into the bile capillaries are studied. Deciphered the structure of many transport proteins of the basal and tubular membranes of the hepatocyte, intracellular transport binding proteins. The regulation of their function is studied at the genetic level. One of the modern concepts of cholestatic liver lesions suggests a possible redistribution of transport proteins of the tubular membrane towards the basolateral membrane as a key pathogenetic factor [Podymova S.D., 2001; Tabolin V.A., et al. 2000]