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ISSN 2063-5346
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An Overview about ACNE VULGARIS

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Amany Abd El Rahman Nassar, Alshimaa Mohamed Ibrahim, Arwa Gamal Youssef
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.1.059

Abstract

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a dermatological disorder, affecting more than 85% of adolescents all over the world. It is the most common skin disease, and although it usually manifests during puberty and worsens throughout adolescence, studies reported that it can occur at any age, Acne is a nonlife threatening disease, however, it has a significant psychological influence and comorbidity which require effective treatment to improve the patient's skin and self-esteem. Acne lesions typically occur on the face, chest, or upper back. The initial acne lesion is the microcomedone. which is an invisible microscopic structure. The lesions can be noninflammatory closed comedones (i.e., papules formed by the accumulation of sebum/keratin within the hair follicle; also called whiteheads); open comedones (i.e., distension of the hair follicle with keratin leads to opening of the follicle, oxidation of lipids, and deposition of melanin; also called blackheads); or inflammatory papules, nodules, pustules, and cysts. Inflammatory lesions result from follicle rupture triggering an inflammatory response. Acne severity may be classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the extent and types of lesions. The diagnosis of AV is primarily clinical. The common differential diagnosis of acne includes folliculitis, keratosis pilaris, perioral dermatitis. seborrheic dermatitis and rosacea. History and physical examination can help determine if there is an underlying cause of acne, such as an exacerbating medication or endocrinologic abnormality causing hyperandrogenism (e.g., polycystic ovarian syndrome). Acne grading systems have been proposed for use as complementary, easy to use and rapid mode of acne grade assessment and for the selection of eligible patients for therapeutic studies. Overall scales might be less quantitative but more relevant to clinicians and their patients.

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