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Analytical study on IUFD after 28 weeks of pregnancy in a tertiary care rural hospital of West Bengal India

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Dr Arindam Ghosh, Dr. Suparna Dhara, Dr Kajal Kumar Patra, Dr Kishore P Madhwani
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.si4.1007

Abstract

An Intrauterine Fetal Demise (IUFD) at any stage of pregnancy is a tragic event and one of the unhappy events in the field of obstetrics. It is a traumatic experience for the family and obstetrician. If the cause of fetal deaths can be ascertained, preventive strategies can be formulated. Aims and objectives: The present study was done to determine the possible causes of stillbirths or intrauterine foetal demise after 28 weeks of gestation and to determine the preventive measures. Methods : A retrospective study was done in all pregnant women admitted with IUFD delivered at or above 28 weeks of gestation in the Dept of Gynae and Obstetrics, Islampur SD Hospital, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India from July 2022 to February 2023. Data analysis were done for maternal age, parity, antenatal visits, gestational age, probable causes of IUFD, pregnancy complications, placental abnormalities. Statistical data were analysed by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS V.20 software. Results : Total number of deliveries during the study period was 7220, out of them number of IUFD deliveries recorded was 205. Incidence of IUFD observed was 28.4/1000 total birth. Most common age group of the mother delivered IUFD was found to > 30 years 142 (69.3%). Maximum mothers were multi parity 133 (64.9%). Very low birth weight babies (<1.5kg) were 97 (47.3%), low birth weight babies (1.5- 2.5 kg) were 66 (32.2%). Maximum delivery was normal delivery 184 (90%) and LSCS was 21 (10%). Oligohydramnios was found to be the most common cause 38 (18.5%) followed by Unknown cause was 31 (15.1%), fetal distress and pre-eclampsia was 25 (12.2%) each, congenital malformation was 20 (9.8%). Conclusion : Causes of IUFD are multifactorial and they can be prevented with proper community education, good quality obstetric care and urgent intervention from the healthcare provider to prevent stillbirth and improve the perinatal mortality of India.

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