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ISSN 2063-5346
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ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS ACTIVITY OF FICUS RACEMOSA LINN. PLANT EXTRACT, ITS HR-LCMS AND MOLECULAR DOCKING-BASED SCREENING FOR THE ACTIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL LIGAND METABOLITE: AN IN-VITRO AND IN-SILICO APPROACH

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Mrs. Rupali Madhukar Katkar, Prof. Dr. Sangita Sanjay Makone
» doi: 10.53555/ecb/2022.11.12.234

Abstract

Background: Many new mutated strains of TB are reported resistant to the long duration first and second-line treatment regimen and the toxicity of existing drugs is also more. Therefore, there is a need for alternative antitubercular molecules to overcome the above problems. Many plant-derived phytochemicals and their derivatives have been reported for antitubercular activity by binding with various mycobacterium receptor sites. Objective: To prepare an aqueous extract of the plant Ficus racemosa linn., testing its antitubercular activity and characterization using the chromatographic method. The detailed profiling of phytoconstituents present in the aqueous extract using the suitable analytical technique, and this data to be processed for in-silico molecular docking to identify the most likely metabolite showing anti-tubercular activity. Method: The solid aqueous extract was prepared using the maceration process and dried at 450 C in an oven and characterized using an RP-HPLC (Shimadzu prominence Japan, Pump - LC-20AD, detector - SPD-M20A PDA, column - Phenomenex Luna 5u C18 at 350 C, 1 ml/min flow rate) for two different polarity mobile phase solvent systems (Acetonitrile and Methanol). The HR-LCMS (Agilent technologies, LC Q-TOF-MS, Version B5125.3) technique was employed to identify aqueous extract metabolites. For the docking study, two anti-tubercular receptors 3IFZ, and 5IBG were selected and structures were obtained from online rcsb.org/pdb/ website., its format was changed to PDBQt (Discovery studio software) and used. Out of seventy, sixty-five metabolites 3D structures were prepared from the Pubchem database. The PyRx docking software tool was used for the docking study and results were visualized using BIO-VIA Discovery Studio 2021. Drug likeness was tested using Lipinski’s rule of five on the molsoft website. Results: Prepared aqueous extract shows 100% inhibitory action on Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Lowenstein-Jenson inoculation medium. The developed RP-HPLC chromatograms give many characteristic peaks for prepared crude extract. The results of the docking study report Ohioensin-A, Triflusulfuron-methyl, Methyl 4,6-di-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 7 Hydroxymethyl -12 -methylbenz[a]anthracene sulfate, and 4,4-Difluoropregn-5-ene-3,20-dione were highest values for Receptor-Ligand binding affinity. The metabolite Ohioensin-A shows more Receptor-Ligand binding affinity for both receptors but poor drug-likeness as compared to Triflusulfuron-methyl and shows better results among all other metabolites. Docking results were visualized in 3D structures and seen as significant binding areas. The ADMET profile predictions for selected five ligands suggest promising reports for its drug development ability. Conclusion: Aqueous Ficus racemosa Linn extract was tested for anti-tubercular activity and characterized using an HPLC chromatogram. Metabolites reported in the HR-LCMS study were screened for most active metabolites using a docking study and five probable drug leads were reported along with their drug likeness and ADMET profile

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