The hydrothermal technique was used to synthesize MnAl2O4 nanoparticles and the obtained nanoparticles were distinguished using numerous characterization facilities, such as X-ray Diffractometer, FE-SEM with EDS, FT-IR and HR-TEM. The individual crystalline size of MnAl2O4 nanoparticles was found to be 31 nm by the Debye Scherrer’s method. FE-SEM was used to identify the morphology of the nanoparticles. Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT- IR), the functional group of MnAl2O4 nanoparticles was identified. Further, it was found that MnAl2O4 nanoparticles exhibited considerable antibacterial activity upon Gram-Negative (Salmonella sp and E. coli) and Gram-Positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) respectively. It exhibited excellent antifungal properties against four pathogenic fungi, such as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger and Mucorpiri formis, respectively