Ancient literature also mentioned herbal medicines for age related diseases namely memory loss, osteoporosis, diabetic wounds, immune and liver disorders etc. for which no modern medicine is available. The subject of phytochemistry or plant chemistry has developed in recent years as a distinct discipline, somewhere in between natural product organic chemistry and plant biochemistry and is closely related to both. It is concerned with the enormous variety of organic substances that are elaborated and accumulated by plants and deals with the chemical structures of these substances, their biosynthesis, turnover and metabolism, natural distribution and biological function. In the current study, the extracts of Barleria grandiflora leaves in different solvents have been shown to possess antioxidant activity to fair extent. Various extract of Barleria grandiflora leaves exhibit DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging capacity, comparable even to the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid. The hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity of hydro alcoholic as well as ethanol extracts of the Barleria grandiflora leaves is comparable to the standard antioxidant. Barleriagrandiflora leaves extracts were analysed using various free radical scavenging models. All models showed a concentration dependent free radical scavenging activity resulting from reduction of DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydroxyl radical to non-radical form. The Ascorbic acid used as positive control in all model. The reduction capability of the DPPH radical was determined by decrease in its absorbance at 517 nm, induced by antioxidants. Carrageenan-induced acute inflammation is one of the most suitable test procedures to screen anti-inflammatory agents. Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model is a suitable test for evaluating anti-inflammatory drugs, which has frequently been used to assess the antiedematous effect of the drug. Ethanol extract of Barleria grandiflora leaves show significant anti-inflammatory activity.