The advancement of artificial intelligence has spurred changes across numerous domains. This paper will examine the information management technologies used in colleges and universities using distributed sensor networks and machine learning. Rather than forcing the teaching management concept upon instructors, the goal of teaching management is to most efficiently increase the quality of instruction. However, in teaching management, the efficacy and quality of the job are disregarded, which results in an increased workload in teaching management. In order to achieve the centralised processing of a substantial amount of data in the teaching management process, standardise the management procedure of the teaching management department, and increase the operational efficiency of the teaching management scheme, the paper will employ the distributed sensor network communication method. The study constructs a distributed sensor network teaching management module, which is primarily used to analyse the key elements impacting students' performance and identify strategies to reduce learning issues. It also applies information technology to teaching management in colleges and universities.