Agriculture production has become increasingly dependent on the application of modern techniques to improve productivity, sustainability, and efficiency. In this mini-review paper, we review the various modern agricultural techniques, including genetic engineering, precision agriculture, and smart farming, and how they can be applied to agriculture. In the introduction, it emphasises the importance of modern techniques to address the challenges faced by agriculture, such as global food demand, limited resources, and environmental concerns. The paper then delves into the specific techniques, starting with genetic engineering. The paper then describes genetic engineering techniques and tools in detail, including transgenic technology and genome editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9. The review discusses several applications of genetic engineering in agriculture, including disease control and resistance, crop enhancements, and environmental sustainability. As a next step, the review examines precision agriculture, which utilises remote sensing, GPS, and drones to improve farming practices. Among the key applications of precision agriculture in agriculture production are precision seeding, precise nutrient and water management, and effective weed control. As well, the paper discusses the concept of smart farming, which utilises technologies such as the Internet of Things and data analytics. The article discusses the application of smart farming to agriculture production, including livestock management, crop monitoring, and efficient resource utilization. In addition, the article examines the advantages and challenges associated with the adoption of modern farming techniques. We evaluate the advantages of increased productivity, reduced environmental impact, and optimized resource utilization, along with potential drawbacks and considerations of economic, environmental, and social consequences. The aim of this mini-review paper is to highlight the importance of adopting modern farming techniques to meet the demands of a rapidly changing society.