Regardless of its root cause, anemia is a major health concern among the aged population. As a result of the additional difficulties it causes, anemia is more prevalent in the elderly population. The aim of study: To provide an assessment of the prevalence and underlying causes of anemia in the elderly. Methods and Subjects: Individuals aged 60 and up were recruited from the Internal Medicine Department at Kasr Al Ainy University Hospital for this cross-sectional analytical study. Patients receiving chemotherapy, radiation, or hematinics were also disqualified, as were those who had received a blood transfusion within the previous 12 weeks. Results: The average age of participants was 68.54 years, with a standard deviation of 6.13 years; our study had a higher proportion of male participants than female participants (55.3%); normocytic anemia was the most common type of anemia (54.4%), followed by microcytic anemia (36.8%) then macrocytic anemia (8.8%); 57.9% of participants had severe anemia. Iron deficiency anemia accounted for 28.9% of cases, chronic illness anemia accounted for 20.2%, and leukemia accounted for 15.8% of cases among the 114 patients. Hemolytic anemia, thalassemia, aplastic anemia, and other benign hematological causes of anemia are more common in younger age groups. In contrast, elderly people frequently experience myelodysplasia and malignant hematological illnesses such myeloma, CML, and lymphoproliferative disorders. There was no discernible relationship among age and hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: normocytic anemia is the most common kind of anemia in the elderly, and more than half of the older population has severe anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common cause of anemia in the elderly, followed by anemia caused by chronic disease.