Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is one of the most prevalent childhood autoimmune diseases and characterized by immune-mediated destruction and reduced generation of normal platelets and is linked to a variety of bleeding symptoms. In order to understand the pathophysiology and prognosis of ITP, it is crucial to research the polymorphisms in several interleukin-1B and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist cytokine genes. Aim: to identify the correlation between IL-1R and IL-1B receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and development of ITP and its impact on its prognosis and severity.