This work presents recent significant advancements in polymer-based hybrid nanocomposites, as well as a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles that regulate their optical, electrical, and electrochemical properties. Combining nanoparticles with a conjugate polymer matrix yields a polymer hybrid nanocomposite, which is used as an active electron transporting layer between the structures of optoelectronic devices like organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The materials PPV (Poly p-phenylene vinylene) and PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate) with various inorganic fillers have excellent electrical, electrochemical, and optical properties, making them appealing for usage as electron transportation layers in OLEDs (ETL). The current communication gives a quick overview of OLEDs and how they are made using with various hybrid polymeric nanocomposites. The comparative data for optical, chemical and electrical properties of PPV and PEDOT:PSS with various inorganic fillers reflects the better performance of OLEDs as electron transporting layer material.