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ISSN 2063-5346
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Brief Insight about Pediatric Bronchial asthma

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Mustafa Abdoh Mohammed Alsadek, Soad Abdelsalam Shedeed, Rabab Mohammed El-Beheidy
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.1.614

Abstract

Asthma is a wide-reaching, chronic, inflammatory illness that impacts millions of people daily. It is frequently responsible for unscheduled healthcare usage, missed school, and workdays. It is an inappropriate immune response, much like an environmental allergy, to a triggering factor that induces bronchial hyperreactivity constriction with the remodeling of smooth muscle and increased mucous secretion into the airways. Asthma can severely limit the ability to engage in normal daily activities, including sports and outdoor activities. While asthma is a treatable disease, some of those treatments have side effects. For example, inhalers may cause hoarse voice, and inhaled corticosteroids may increase the risk for fungal infections. Oral steroids increase the chance of developing Cushing syndrome, including weight gain and metabolic dysfunction. However, poorly controlled asthma can lead to airway remodeling and chronic obstruction, increase the risk of obstructive sleep apnea, pneumonia, or gastroesophageal reflux. Medical management includes bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists and muscarinic antagonists (salbutamol and ipratropium bromide respectively) and anti-inflammatories such as inhaled steroids (usually beclometasone but steroids via any route will be helpful). There are five steps in the management of chronic asthma; treatment is started depending on the severity and then escalated or de-escalated depending on the response to treatment.

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