Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with an autoimmune component affecting young adults in their third decade of life, inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration represent the major pathologic hallmarks of the disease. The broad range of signs and symptoms of MS reflect multifocal lesions in the CNS, including the afferent visual pathways, cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. The hallmark of MS pathology is the focal demyelinated lesion, or “plaque” appear as indurated areas. The location of lesions in the CNS usually dictates the type of clinical deficit. The MS plaques consist of a variety of immunologic and pathologic features, including different degrees of inflammation, demyelination, remyelination and axonal injury.