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ISSN 2063-5346
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Brief Overview about Trichinellosis; Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Manifestations

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Reem Safaa El-deen Abdel Hady, Laila Abdel Monem Hegazy, Samira Metwally Mohammad, Shereen Mahmoud Ibrahim
ยป doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.1.346

Abstract

Trichinellosis is a worldwide food-borne parasitic disease. Pork and its products are the main sources of infection. Trichinella has a wide range of hosts including humans and can infect more than 150 species of animals. In Egypt, T. spiralis may be found in fresh and processed pork. However, domestic trichinellosis is present in Egypt, Few reports of T.spiralis infection in fresh and processed pork in Egypt are available. In 1975 outbreak of human trichinosis was documented in French visitors. After that the prevalence rate decreased to 1.7% in 1995โ€“1999. Infection is initiated by ingesting raw or undercooked meat harboring the nurse cell-larva complex. Larvae release from muscle tissue then locate to the upper two-thirds of the small intestine. The immature parasites penetrate the columnar epithelium at the base of the villus. The course of the disease can be abortive, mild, moderate or severe depending on species of Trichinella, the infective dose and phase of infection. The most pathogenic species is T.spiralis. Principally, infection in the man can be divided into two phases: an intestinal phase and a muscular phase. Intestinal (enteral) phase is caused by larvae developing in the small intestine immediately after the onset of infection. Muscular phase is caused by NBL delivered by females and transported via lymphatic and blood vessels into the muscles, where larvae capsulate and survive for months or years.

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