To study the secondary metabolites in Polygonum Strindbergii Schust. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. in Yunnan province of China, the ground roots were extracted with IL (ionic liquid) aqueous solution, then partitioned by organic solvents and isolated by column chromatography repeatedly. Eight compounds were obtained and their structures were identified by spectral methods, which were found from the plant for the first time. Moreover, the key conditions of ILs application were investigated, which are wished to be helpful for related researchers. The plant is supposed to be further utilized and developed as a meaningful natural resource in the genus