Surgical tools Sterilization belongs to an absolute group of procedures necessary to make sure that a patient is safe and is not infected with surgical site arrangements. This overall review discusses the different sterilization techniques used in health facility settings, namely steam sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization, and others. This review, by utilizing a critical analysis of the extant literature, will evaluate the effectiveness, benefits, and shortcomings of each of these sterilization methods, as well as the impact of each method on surgical outcomes and patient safety. We will also describe the fundamental requirements for implementing and supervising sterilization methodologies in medical institutions, along with proposals for further exploration and economic consideration.