Cryptography is significant in every area of IT applications, as security is essential in every small area that aids in thwarting the deciphering of the encrypted data. Since it is necessary to protect the privacy of data that is spreading across a network and to assure the security of information transmission, academics, professionals, and researchers have used a variety of cryptographic algorithms. The goal of the current work is to give readers suggestions for their future research areas by providing a review of popular cryptographic algorithms at the moment.