Agro-residues, or agrowaste, are converted into nutritious, protein-rich food through the dormant biotechnological practice of mushroom culture. The Calocybe indica (milky mushroom) is growing in popularity throughout the world due to its strong size, appealing milky look, delectable taste, attractive colour, outstanding shelf life, and distinctive texture, in addition to having a sustainable yield. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the suitability of various casing materials, including paddy straw + vermicompost, paddy straw + vermicompost + red soil, and paddy straw + red soil + black soil, for the growth of milky mushrooms. Paddy straw + vermicompost (350g) had the highest BE (87.5%) rating of the three casing materials, followed by paddy straw + vermicompost + red soil (290g) with BE (82.84%), and the lowest rating was found in paddy straw +red soil + black soil (185g) with BE (41.08%). In the present study, paddy straw substrate with vermicompost casing material is an important substance for the cultivation of milky mushrooms.