The study aimed to assess the effect of mastectomy on body image adaptation for elderly women. So, descriptive exploratory design was adopted to carry out this study. The study was conducted at the oncology day clinic at the out-patient building at Zagazig University Hospital. The study’s sample was selected purposively which was composed of 140 elderly. The study used two tools; a structure interview questionnaire which was composed of two parts, and Adaptation of body image after breast cancer Questionnaire [BIBCQ SCALE]. Study results revealed that, three quarters of the elderly women (75.0%) have unsatisfactory total domains of adaptation of body image after breast cancer, but one quarter of them (25.0%) have satisfactory adaptation of body image. Statistically significant relations were found between the studied elderly women's total adaptation of body image after breast cancer and their type of mastectomy. Training programs for elderly women should be applied in the study setting for improving their knowledge, coping techniquies and awareness about breast cancer and mastectomy is recommended.