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ISSN 2063-5346
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EFFECT OF PHOTOFUNCTIONALIZATION ON THE BIO-ACTIVITY OF TITANIUM DISCS – AN IN VITRO STUDY

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Arunrosan David Raj , Venkat Rengasamy, Muthukumar B
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.6.87

Abstract

Surface treatment of titanium dental implants is generally done to enhance the bone formation over implants after surgical placement. Due to lengthy storage and shelf life, surface-treated dental implants eventually tend to lose their properties. The recently proposed idea of photo functionalization seeks to reverse these features. This process involves the surface treatment using UV radiation of different wavelengths. This current study was designed to assess and compare the photo-functionalization effects on laser-treated titanium discs utilising UV-A light at 400-320 nm and UV-C light at 250 nm in vacuum and non-vacuum. The titanium disks (diameter – 10mm and thickness – 2mm) were cut from commercial titanium rods. Laser treatment was performed by a Nd:yttriumaluminumgarnet(YAG) laser with the 1.06 μm wavelength, a 200 μs pulse duration and a pulse energy of 50J. Samples were numbered as1, 2,3….to 48 and random selection of 12 samples were assigned into four groups - only laser treated (control group),laser with UV-A, laser with UV-C under non-vacuum and laser with UV-C under vacuum condition. The two parameters protein adsorption assay and osteoblastic cell culture were studied on the titanium discs to check for surface property following photofunctionalization. The mean and standard deviation obtained for absorbance of MG-63 cells at 24 and 72 hours and protein adsorption at 2 and 24 hours shows that there is significant difference between the control, UVA, UVC non-vacuum and UVC vacuum groups. The results show a lot of diversity amongst the various groups. Tukey's HSD Post Hoc Tests were used to compare multiple groups within the groups. The titanium disc that had been UV-C treated under vacuum conditions outperformed the other groups in terms of surface characteristics and the difference was statistically significant.

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