Background: Good knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of diabetes influence its control and complications. We examined the KAP of diabetes in patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) and non-sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (NSTDR) attending two different referral hospitals in Saudi Arabia .Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing public health diseases. In 2021, it was estimated that there were more than 463 million people living with diabetes worldwide, and this number is projected to rise to 643 million by 2030. It is also known that South Asians are at an increased risk of diabetes and its complications, for which the lack of knowledge/awareness about the disease , poor self-care practice , cultural myths [8, 9], rapid urbanization , and increased visceral fat have been identified as contributing risk factors. According to the International Diabetes Federation, more than 74 million adults were living with diabetes in Saudi Arabia in 2021, i.e., one in every 12 adults , and this number is projected to rise to more than 123 million by the year 2040 , making Saudi Arabia the epicenter of diabetes prevalence. This study aimed: This study aims to assess the knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and compliance with diabetic retinopathy patients in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: cross-sectional study was conducted among the diabetic population from May to September 2022 in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The patients were selected randomly from the general population visiting the Makkah diabetic center and primary healthcare clinics in Makkah. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to assess the knowledge of diabetes and its complication diabetic retinopathy. Our total participants were(300) Results:. showed that the only (38.0%) of the participated were(35-45) years while (25-35) years were(22.0%) while range (19-65) and Mean ± SD (46.155 ±13.211), regarding the gender the majority of the participated male were (51.0%)while female (49.0%), regarding the level of education the majority of the participated the level of education were higher education (39.0%).Conclusion: The level of knowledge regarding diabetic retinopathy among participants with diabetes type 2 in Makkah is relatively high. However, participants’ motivation to attend an ophthalmology clinic for an eye assessment was poor in the study, thus delay early diagnosis and management.