For centuries, dams have stood as prominent engineering marvels, capable of reshaping entire landscapes, leveraging the power of water resources, and bestowing a multitude of advantages upon society. Their multifaceted benefits encompass crucial functions like safeguarding against floods, facilitating extensive irrigation networks, generating much-needed electricity, and providing a stable source of potable water. Nevertheless, it is imperative to acknowledge that the development of dams is not devoid of environmental consequences. These repercussions, particularly in the northeastern regions of various countries, assume a unique and intricate character due to the region's ecological diversity and sociocultural intricacies. This research paper explores on an insightful exploration of the manifold environmental ramifications inherent to the construction of dams in Northeastern regions, illuminating the intricate interplay between ecological shifts, societal dynamics, and economic impacts that stem from these ambitious engineering undertakings.