This review research paper investigates the concept of environmental justice and its relationship with the disproportionate impacts of pollution on vulnerable communities. The purpose of this study is to explore the existing literature and examine the extent to which marginalized communities are disproportionately burdened by environmental pollution, thereby highlighting the need for equitable environmental policies and interventions. The paper adopts a multidisciplinary theoretical framework drawing from environmental justice theories, socio-economic theories, and public health perspectives. It explores the intersectionality of factors such as race, class, and geography in shaping environmental inequalities and their effects on vulnerable communities