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ISSN 2063-5346
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EVALUATION OF MUSA ACUMINATA (BANANA PEELS) AS A BIOMASS ADSORBENT IN TREATING WATER CONTAMINATED WITH CHROMIUM (CR6+)

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Sthembile Mzimela, Paul Musonge, Babatunde F Bakare
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.s3.701

Abstract

Banana peels (BPs) are one of the agricultural waste peels that are a burden to the ecology as they accumulate in environmental spaces with no definite use for them. However, BPs have been identified as a potential biomass adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals (HM) due to their lignocellulosic properties containing functional groups such as hydroxyls and carboxylic groups that aid in the removal of HM from water. BPs can be a cheap and abundant resource to obtain and use in treating water as an alternative to other technological methods that are expensive to purchase and maintain. Therefore, BPs were used in this study to evaluate their performance as a biomass adsorbent in the adsorption process for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in water. Batch studies were conducted in jar tests for the evaluation of equilibrium and kinetic studies for the adsorption process. Equilibrium isotherms studied were the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Elovich isotherms and the process favored the Freundlich isotherm with and coefficient of determination (R2 ) of 0.99. Therefore, adsorption of Cr6+ occurred on a heterogeneous surface of BPs with a surface heterogeneity factor (n) of 1.77. The pseudo-first, pseudo-second, and intra-particle diffusion order kinetic studies were applied and the process favored the pseudo-second order kinetic with an R 2 of 0.9986 and K2 of 0.8g/mg.min. This indicated that the process went through chemisorption with some sharing of electrons between the surface of the BPs and Cr 6+ ions in water. In a fixed-bed column, the height was varied for the removal of Cr6+ using BPs. An increase in bed height significantly increased the breakthrough time of the bed during adsorption from 10 min at 5cm to 420 min at 30cm. The Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and Yoon-Nelson models were used to evaluate the dynamic behavior of the system. The process followed the Adams-Bohart model with R2 ranging between 0.94 and 0.98 as well as the Yoon-Nelson model with R2 ranging between 0.93 and 0.97. The study showed that BPs has the potential to be an alternative biomass adsorbent in treating water with Cr6+ .

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