With the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020, conventional teaching methods have been altered, and the focus has shifted to network-based teaching. An essential component of incorporating technology into education is teaching experiments using virtual simulations. We propose a teaching method based on applying virtual simulation technology to programming experimental courses in order to address the problems of decoupling theory and practice, poor practical teaching effect, and inadequate experimental resources. This study's research approach was design thinking. In this article, we discuss how to construct a teaching platform for a virtual simulation experiment that consists of a server and an experiment terminal and is based on the campus network. The administrative layer, the service layer, the application layer, and the display layer are the five tiers of a platform system design. An experimental teaching resource sharing mode is introduced, and the experimental results through the use of platform applications are demonstrated. The teaching practice has proved that the students' professional interest and innovation consciousness have been significantly improved after the virtual simulation experiment teaching, and the transformation from "teaching experiment" to "experimental teaching" has been realized.