A common medical tool for bladder control and urination drainage is the Foley catheter. The Foley catheter is thoroughly discussed in this review paper, including its historical history, design, and components, as well as its indications for use, insertion methods, potential complications, and future possibilities. Dr. Frederic Foley developed the Foley catheter, which transformed urinary catheterization by enhancing patient comfort and reducing risks associated with conventional catheter designs, in the early 1930s. The flexible tube's primary characteristics are an inflated balloon at one end and numerous drainage holes spread out along its length. The balloon keeps the catheter in place inside the bladder and prevents accidental dislodging. Foley catheterization has a wide range of indications, including conditions like urinary retention, obstruction of the bladder outlet, accurate assessment of urine flow, and perioperative or postoperative care. As a result, the Foley catheter is frequently used in a variety of clinical contexts, such as surgical operations, conditions that interfere with natural urination, and neurogenic bladder dysfunction.