Airway management is crucial for a patient's health, especially in the intensive care unit, to preserve airway patency. Tracheotomy has been performed for many centuries, and this is a surgical procedure that consists of an approach to the anterior wall of the trachea where an incision is made, and a cannula is placed to allow adequate airflow to the distal part of the trachea. The main objective is to determine the frequency of complications in adult patients related to the percutaneous tracheostomy technique and the benefit of respiratory therapy in the care unit area. It is a retrospective cohort study of 34 patients in whom percutaneous tracheostomy and open tracheostomy were performed to characterize the complications derived from this procedure and the benefit of respiratory therapy with bronchial hygiene techniques as a predictor of decannulation of tracheostomized patients. Patient characteristics, type of procedure, immediate complications, late complications, and types of bronchial hygiene techniques were observed. Clinical histories and a data collection questionnaire were used and recorded in the SPSS system to determine the complications of percutaneous tracheotomy and the benefit of respiratory therapy.