This study summarizes the main conclusions from a thorough review of studies on friction stir welding (FSW) of various aluminum alloys. In many applications, joining different materials is frequently a practical solution because it allows the use of more expensive materials only when absolutely necessary. Due to the significant physical and chemical incompatibilities between the materials to be joined, fusion welding, however, poses significant challenges in sectors like shipbuilding, electronics, aerospace, and automotive. Fusion welding can still cause problems like porosity formation, solidification cracking, and chemical reactions when working with dissimilar materials, despite careful design, planning, and control of operational parameters and filler metals. Friction stir welding, in contrast, provides a promising substitute by allowing the joining of various aluminum alloys, ranging from soft to hard, without the disadvantages of fusion welding. Numerous studies and experiments on the welding behavior of aluminum alloy products have been inspired by their growing technological and financial significance in industrial applications. To ensure the best outcomes, these investigations take a variety of factors into account during the welding process. This review aims to increase understanding of FSW of aluminum alloys by conducting an analysis of the existing literature. The results of various studies shed light on how different parameters affect the welding process and final weld quality. To comprehend how they affect weld characteristics and mechanical properties, factors including rotational speed, traverse speed, axial load, tool geometry, and material choice have been studied. The review emphasizes the need for additional research and development to get around these obstacles while also highlighting the difficulties and restrictions encountered in FSW of aluminum alloys.