The present research work presents a description and analysis of the problems and environmental impact of gold mining activity in the province of Ayacucho, which constitutes an academic and scientific interest in the rapid growth process of small-scale mining and artisanal mining. , considered by the State as a mining activity. corridor that produces 70% of the gold from artisanal mining in Peru. The Relave SA Gold Community, an artisanal mining company, in the district of Pullo, province of Parinacochas, Ayacucho, produces up to 2 kg of refined gold monthly; Its mining exploitation is part of the explicit environmental policy and applies waste containment technology to the soil. The results indicate that mining activity is related to the environmental environment (bilateral significance .001749305), positive relationship (Spearman's rho .761); Mining activity is related to the environmental dimensions, the physical environment (rho .682), the biological environment (rho .774) and the socioeconomic environment (rho .769). The contents of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Cr and CN (laboratory results) in the soil are low, and the salinity and turbidity of water (physicochemical tests) are harmless to human health. The central and regional governments must formulate, develop and implement awareness-raising focused on the Oro Community of the Relave SA Region in order to raise awareness and objectify the physical, biological and socioeconomic impact generated by mining activity and to mitigate it with friendly mining activity. the impacts.