Emergency department (ED) crowding has become a significant issue affecting patient care and outcomes in healthcare systems worldwide. This review article aims to explore the impact of ED crowding on patient outcomes by synthesizing existing literature on the subject. The study systematically reviews various studies, including observational and experimental research, to analyze the relationship between ED crowding and patient outcomes. The findings suggest that ED crowding is associated with delays in patient care, increased length of stay, higher rates of medical errors, and decreased patient satisfaction. Moreover, overcrowded EDs often lead to poor outcomes for patients with critical conditions, such as higher mortality rates and increased morbidity. The review also highlights the impact of ED crowding on healthcare providers, including burnout, decreased job satisfaction, and compromised quality of care. Additionally, the review discusses potential strategies to mitigate the effects of ED crowding on patient outcomes, such as implementing efficient triage systems, optimizing resource allocation, and enhancing communication among healthcare teams. By understanding the factors contributing to ED crowding and its consequences on patient care, healthcare institutions can develop interventions to improve the quality and efficiency of emergency services. In conclusion, this review underscores the critical importance of addressing ED crowding to enhance patient outcomes and overall healthcare delivery. By implementing evidence-based practices and interventions, healthcare systems can alleviate the negative effects of ED crowding and ensure timely and effective care for all patients.