The integration of physical therapy and medical devices has become a cornerstone in the rehabilitation of injuries, blending traditional therapeutic methods with innovative technological solutions to optimize patient outcomes. This critical review explores the dynamic interplay between physical therapy practices and medical devices, assessing their combined impact on injury rehabilitation. It delves into the variety of medical devices currently employed, from wearable technology to sophisticated rehabilitation equipment, and examines how these tools complement physical therapy interventions. The review highlights evidence-based outcomes, challenges, and considerations in the implementation of integrated rehabilitation strategies, drawing on recent research, case studies, and clinical trials. It also addresses the barriers to effective integration, such as cost, accessibility, and patient adherence, and discusses the ethical implications of technology in rehabilitation. The critical examination reveals that, despite some limitations, the synergistic use of physical therapy and medical devices can lead to significant improvements in patient recovery, functionality, and quality of life. The article calls for ongoing research and collaboration among healthcare professionals to further refine and optimize these integrated approaches.