Data analysis has long relied on visual representation as a means of understanding and conveying explanations. With the continuous advancement of computing technology, storage and processing capacities have significantly improved. Simultaneously, the democratization of technology has allowed for an increase in artistic contributions to data visualization, resulting in novel creative forms and alternative approaches compared to those found in the realm of science. This article examines the reciprocal influences between art and science within the field of data visualization. By analyzing literature from primary bibliographic databases and exploring the thriving community of practitioners that encompasses scientists, designers, artists, and other professionals, we provide a comprehensive overview of data visualization. Drawing upon historical examples from prehistory to the present, we explore various instances where art and science have jointly contributed to advancing the communication of phenomena and the formulation of data-driven inquiries. Additionally, we reflect on the challenges faced by data visualization and the opportunities that arise from them.