Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper (Black Gram) is one of the important legume crops extensively cultivated in India in both the Kharif and Rabi seasons. It belongs to the family Papilionaceae. Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper is known as Maasha in Ayurveda. It is very effective in treating diseases of Vata dosha predominance from gudakila, ardita, shwasa, paktishula (parinaamashula), vata vyadhi, karsya, dourbalya, sukradourbalya, aruchi, nadidourbalya, sandhivata, and pakshaghatam. It is a proteinaceous food that increases the bulk weight of the body. Gruel prepared from maasha, cow’s ghee and milk is an excellent Vaajikara (Aphrodisiac) preparation. The Pharmacological actions of Maasha are aphrodisiac, carminative, diuretic, laxative, galactogogue, emmenagogue, nervine tonic etc. It is a very common food in our day-to-day life. A few antagonistic actions are found when this Black gram is mixed and administered. Maasha along with milk or mixed with milk is virudha (incompatible) because of Virya Viruddha. Hence, food combinations with milk and maasha stays incompatible. Soup of black gram and radish (mulaka) has also been termed incompatible. Hence, the present literary work is a critical review of all relevant information from all the Ayurvedic texts regarding the medicinal uses of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, to know its qualities and to highlight the importance of its usage and functional values with intricacies.