Microencapsulation is a commonly employed method in the food, beverage, and healthcare sectors. It enables food processors to protect sensitive food components, avoid nutritional loss, use otherwise sensitive ingredients, and incorporate unusual or time-release mechanisms into the formulation, mask or preserve Flavors and aromas and convert liquids into easily handled solid ingredients. One crucial function can be offered by microencapsulation at the appropriate location and time. A targeted and timely release increases the efficiency of food additives, expand the variety of applications for food ingredients and assures the right dosage, all of which increase the cost benefits for food producers. The article gives an overview of reasons for microencapsulation, polymers used for coating, mechanism of core release, microencapsulation techniques, and application in various industries.