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ISSN 2063-5346
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Neonatal Outcomes in Children of Mother’s infected with COVID-19 during pregnancy: A Scoping Review

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Dia Ghoshal, Divya Singh Chauhan, Arti Devi, Diksha Bhardwaj, Dr. Meena Jain, Dr. Roomani Srivastava
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.1.298

Abstract

This scoping review aims to review the existing literature to determine neonatal outcomes in children born to mothers who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected humans all across the world with certain groups such as women and elderly being affected more than the general population. This scoping review explores the effects on neonates born to females who got infected with COVID-19 during pregnancy. During the pandemic, pregnant females had an increased risk of getting infected with COVID-19 since majority of hospitals were packed with COVID-19 patients. Also, a number of countries had ambiguous policies on regarding vaccination of pregnant women. This review article is based on data collected from other articles that studied pregnant females that got infected, their symptoms, complications of the same as well as the neonates born to them, their APGAR scores, any COVID-19 symptoms seen, NICU admissions etc. Inclusion Criteria: All articles exploring neonatal outcomes of COVID 19 infection in Pregnant mothers were included in the study. Thus, the participants were pregnant women with COVID 19 infection. The concept being explored was neonatal outcomes in the context of COVID-19 affected females during their period of pregnancy. Method: Literature search was performed on databases such as PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE. Relevant keywords were used with appropriate Boolean markers. The period of search was from 1st August 2022 till 31st December 2022. No time filter was considered in this literature search. There was no language limitation. On the basis of the inclusion criteria, data was collected from several articles and was tabulated describing study characteristics. The final data from these tables gives us the prevalence of complications in females and their neonates. Results: According to the data collected on the pregnant females, majority of the females had given birth vaginally. And most of the infected pregnant females were asymptomatic. Out of the symptomatic pregnant females, fever was the most common symptom. Majority of neonates had normal APGAR scores. Perinatal symptoms/ complications were seen in nearly one-fifth of the neonates born to females infected with COVID-19 during pregnancy. 21.60% of neonates did show the transfer of antibodies or vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection. This does prove how a significant number of neonates get effected by the presence of COVID-19 infection in their mothers during gestation. Conclusion: COVID-19 Vaccination along with the booster dose regimens are essential for everyone including pregnant women. Lack of proper policy for COVID19 vaccination for pregnant women lead to morbidity and mortality among them their neonates in spite of this being completely preventable. In the future we do hope that there are proper schedules and regimes for all the doses of COVID-19 Vaccination for pregnant females all across the globe.

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