Healthcare needs medication treatment management to enhance patient outcomes and save costs. This research examines how medication treatment management services affect patient outcomes, including medication adherence, health-related quality of life, healthcare consumption, and cost savings. To evaluate medication treatment management services, we reviewed and analyzed relevant material from the last decade. The study examined a broad spectrum of patient demographics, focusing on chronic sick and elderly patients. Medication treatment management strategies increased medication adherence by 10% compared to standard therapy. Medication treatment management services also improve health-related quality of life, notably in diabetics and hypertensives. Medication treatment management improved patients' physical and mental health, indicating a wider impact on their well-being. Medication treatment management services also reduce healthcare usage, reducing hospitalizations and ER visits. Although the findings were positive, finance, provider availability, and healthcare practitioner hostility to medication treatment management services prevented broad usage. Overcoming these challenges is crucial to expanding medication treatment management services, especially for complex healthcare patients.