Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is one of the commonest haematological problems in NICU. This study was planned to find the immediate outcome of neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated neonatal factors of thrombocytopenia in preterm neonates admitted in N.I.C.U. Methodology: We conducted this study to find the immediate outcome of neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated neonatal factors of thrombocytopenia in preterm neonates admitted in N.I.C.U., Department of Pediatrics R.D.B.P Jaipuria Hospital Jaipur over a period of 12 months. Their details were furnished in a predefined study Proforma by reviewing clinical records, examinations and laboratory investigations. Results: Out of 274 study participants, 108 were having thrombocytopenia. Out of 108, 19.44 % died. Mortality was significantly higher in thrombocytopenia group (p<0.001). Mortality was significantly associated with severity of disease. (p<0.001) Duration of hospital stay was significantly higher in thrombocytopenia group (11.01±5.376 days) (p<0.001). Birth asphyxia, Sepsis, Necrotising enterocolitis and DIC was significantly higher in thrombocytopenia group as compared to without thrombocytopenia group. Neonatal jaundice was significantly higher in no thrombocytopenia group (24.09%). (p=0.035). Foetal distress was more in no thrombocytopenia (3.61%) as compared to thrombocytopenia group (2.78%) but this difference was not found statistically significant (p=0.974). Birth asphyxia (p=0.004), Sepsis (p=0.003), Necrotising enterocolitis (p<0.001), DIC (p<0.001) and Foetal distress (p=0.006) was significantly associated with severity of thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Screening of neonates with risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia for platelets count is beneficial in the early diagnosis and management of thrombocytopenia.