In the current study, the total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activities, and antidiabetic activity of several leaf extracts from Acacia nilotica were assessed. Analysis of the extracts' phytochemical composition was also done. DPPH free radical scavenging experiment was used to calculate antioxidant potential. In comparison to pods and bark, the leaves were shown to have a higher total phenolic content, higher protein content, and higher antioxidant activity. The authors have tried to put all these classes of plants at a common platform so that the data and information of this review could be utilized in drawing strategies for use of medicinal plants in a way that can be extended for future scientific investigation in different aspects. The fact confirmed by reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that India has the largest number of diabetic subjects in the world. Hyperglycemia can be handed initially with oral synthetic agent and insulin therapy. But these synthetic agents produce some serious side effects and are relatively expensive for developing countries. The clinical signs, severity, and treatment of oral antidiabetic drug toxicity vary greatly. Numerous plants have been touted as having therapeutic benefits for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the natural medical system. Due to availability and affordability, a substantial rural population relies on medicinal herbs to cure their diabetes. Besides hyperglycemia, several other factors including dislipidemia or hyperlipidemia are involved in the development of micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes that are the major causes of morbidity and death. Leaves of Acacia nilotica used as anti-diabetic, for feeding sheep and goats in the Hissar district in India. In Kenya, the fleshy pods are readily eaten by goats, sheep and cattle, but some tribes believe they cause bloat. As a result, A. nilotica leaf extracts are a potential source of antioxidant and anti-diabetic chemicals.