Centella asiatica (L) known as the brahmi plant (Gotu kola) is a therapeutic plant that has been used in traditional folk medicine since ancient literature as well as in methodically oriented medicine. The literature review and experimental studies have reported several important bioactive compounds present in plants and their therapeutic activities. The phytochemicals present in the plant are showing more effect on endocrine diseases, skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurological diseases, and gynaecological diseases. The major bioactive components that are responsible for their therapeutic activity are asiaticoside, madecassoside, triterpenes, and madecassic acid. The plant extract contains triterpene components that exhibit several pharmacological activities, including cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, wound healing, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer.